Human papilloma viruses

1 July 2025

The human papilloma virus (HPV) is only in the basic layer of the skin, and its reproduction occurs in the upper layers.This disease is characteristic of its chronic form with periodic relapses.

Incubation time and development levels

The incubation period of the virus is different.This type of virus is characterized by a hidden electricity.The subclinical form of the course of the disease is characteristic of the occurrence of inconspicuous during a simple examination of rashes that cause symptoms to the patient in the genital area.They can be infected immediately with several types of papilloma viruses.Under the influence of some factors, the virus is activated and its reproduction begins, and the disease enters the time of clinical manifestations.In 90 % of the cases in six months a year, self -healing occurs, in some cases a chronic recurring course can occur with a high probability of malignancy (depending on the type of virus).The disease takes place in four stages (stadiums):

Stage 1 (initial) - latent course of a papillomavirus infection.The virus is in the body, but does not appear, does not cause transformation in cells.At this stage it can be identified by analyzing the PCR;

2 - Clinical signs arise - in the form of growth on the skin.The virus causes an accelerated division of epidermal cells.At this stage, the virus is detected during PCR, cytology and histology (according to the presence of hyperkeratosis);

3 - dysplasia.The structure of cells (colocytosis) changes -this is visible under a microscope, since the virus -dna begins to interact with DNA cells and to cause the development of the so -called integrated form.PCR, cytology and histology methods as well as colposcopy are used to diagnose;

Stage 4 - carcinoma.The development of the virus causes the mutation of cells and the occurrence of malignant cells.Invasively cancer is formed.The diagnosis is made in all methods mentioned above and in clinical manifestations.

Types of HPV

More than a hundred HPV species are found that the urogen alcohol tract of a person who influences the epithelium of the skin and the mucous membranes of the genital organs - 35 species.For all types of HPV, a classification is used based on the types of manifestation, rashes and other skin manifestations.Tipping on HPV with a description looks the following:

Different types of warts for their appearance is HPV Type 1-5 responsible;
Subanary warts (you look like a corn) -1-4 hpv species.Usually formed in the places where grain or compression occurs.The skin becomes thicker in such places and when pressing unpleasant sensations.Such warts do not happen and need surgical removal.There are two subspecies of plantar warts.A species sprouts deeply into the fabric and hurts, the other resembles several growth than they were glued to each other - this type of wart is almost no feeling of pain
Flat warts - 3, 5, 10, 28, 49 types.Most of the time, palms, face are striking.Usually they are found in young people and, due to this type of wart, they are referred to as youthful.The body is often ready with this infection;
ordinary warts - 27 kind of HPV;
Vulgar warts -type -2 virus (the body itself is usually with this type of virus).It is transferred to the domestic path;

The spicy warts, the vagina, the vulva, the genitals, the cervix, the uterine, the anus, in men, on the head of the penis, on the skin of the foreskin are also found on the airways - type 6, 11, 13, 16.18, 33, 35;
HPV highly oncogenic risk and causes a precancatorous disease - 39 type;
A founded epidermodisplasia is found.It can be of two types: HPV 5, 8, 47 - for skin cancer in 9 out of 10 cases, this virus is in the patient's blood.Another type caused by HPV 14, 20, 21, 25 usually causes benign neoplasms;
Laringeal papillomatosis - type 11 virus.Usually transferred from mother to child, but it is possible to infect with oral sex.Causes difficulties when swallowing, hoarse voice, when the amount of papilloma is large, worsens breathing;
Bowenoid Papulez.This species is provoked 16, sometimes 18, 31-35, 42, 48, 51-54 with the types of HPV.Most of the time, representatives of the male half who have many sexual partners can occur.On the outside, these formations look like semicircular or flat growth with a smooth or rough surface, the color is different - from completely light to almost black.The disease can go on its own, it is a neo -info virus.

Symptoms and details of HPV in men, women and children

In order to overcome the infection in the early stages, human immunity is quite strong.Most of the time, the disease does not develop and a person does not even suspect the presence of HPV, since external symptoms may not occur.After some time (months or years), however, some signs of HPV infection can occur.Statistics show only 5-10 % of those who have external symptoms of HPV (Human Papillomavirus).The disease is asymptomatic - the majority of the sick have no signs of the disease.When activating the virus, growth of different types can occur that talk about the presence of different types in the body.Localization locations also speak of the type of virus.For example, papillomas have the shape of soft, elongated growth (threadless warts) that are attached to the leg.The color may not differ from the skin color, but is also pigmented.Balch -displaced growth growth may occur, soft to the touch of pink color.

In women, the peculiarities of the course of the disease is in such a way that the development of the disease can occur in a hidden form, but sometimes causes the formation of genital papillomas.After a woman was infected with the virus, he cannot observe any symptoms until the beginning of the menopause.At this point, the virus can cause the malignant of the cells of the mucous membranes of the genital organs.In order to prevent the development of cervical cancer caused by the presence of HPV, the doctor's regular examination helps.Because this disease does not manifest itself.In children, the papillomatosis of the larynx (normally in chronic return form) can develop under the influence of virus warts on the skin.Papillomatosis of the larynx causes breathing problems until suffocation syndrome.Skin warts are available in 12 % of school children, this is the most common dermatological disease in children.

HPV and pregnancy

HPV with a pregnant woman is not the most dangerous disease for herself and the unborn child.The expectant mother should only be careful if she has found a 6- or 11 -VPV type (cause genital or anal condylome), which can have when transferred to the newborn consequences in the form of a respiratory papillomatosis.In the presence of a condyl in such a quantity or places that affect the designation of the fetus, it is possible to prescribe Caesarean section, since the condyloma can provoke the development of bleeding during the ordinary birth.All other forms of papilloma (non -standardate lesions) are not affected for the child itself and the course of pregnancy.

Diagnostics and to whom you have to contact

The following research methods are used to diagnose papillomavirus:

Personal examination of the patient;
Blood sample;
Colposcopy;
Tsytology snear-papa test;
Tissue histology;
PCR is a polymerase chain reaction.This analysis not only enables something to learn something about the presence of a virus, but also to determine its type.However, if the analysis is positive, this does not mean that this type of HPV does not continue itself.This analysis also determines all types of papilloma virus;
Urethroscopy;
Biopsy.

If there are no external signs in the form of a rash, the patient has no symptoms, and the presence of DNA from HPV is only determined by analyzes - it can come from a temporary virus infection (one person is a carrier).Due to the fact that HPV can be the cause of diseases of different organs, if available, doctors of different directions.In the presence of warts on the skin of the face and body, turn to a dermatologist.With plantar strengths - to a dermatologist or surgeon.With condylomes in men - on the urologists (surgeons), for women - to gynecologist (surgeon).If there are condylomas in the area of the anus, you must contact an proctologist.If a warting modisphelie is suspected, then to a dermatologist or oncologist.Laringeal papillomatosis requires an attraction to an otolaryngologist or surgeon, Boenoid -Papulose - you have to contact a urologist or venereologist.Differential diagnosis is also required for diseases such as micropapillomatosis, vestibular papillomatosis.In contrast to HPV, they are not treated because they are a variant of the anatomical norm with the similarity of external signs.The define of the normative values of the blood test is shown by the lack of HPV.

Treatment

So is it completely treated by HPV or not?Nowadays, not a single antiviral medication is known that HPV can remove from the body.Different interferons and other drugs in this series - reduce only existing condylomas, but do not reduce the frequency of new ones.The main treatment method is the removal of papillomas.The main removal methods are as follows:

Surgical.It is carried out under local anesthesia;
Radio surgery.A tumor is cut off with a radio wave electrode, the vessels are coagulated.After an antiseptic bandage
Laser.This method is contactless and bloodless.A crust remains a healing at the place of distance under her.The disadvantage of the method is the high risk of relapse in the disease, a relatively high price and the need to grind the remaining scars.
Electrical clearing.According to the results and effectiveness, it is similar to the two previous paths;
Cryocoagulation.After several sessions, papillomas are completely removed.

Although the external virus manifestations are completely removed with the help of these methods, this is not considered an absolute infectious disposal, but only as relatively considered because a person does not stop being a virus carrier and reappear after a time of wart.There is no universal method of inoperative treatment for all categories of patients (men, women and children).Only laser removal can be seen as an alternative.However, there is a risk of malignancy (malignancy) papillomas when using.After the operation, the patient is prescribed by the infusion of a dose of steroid medication that prevents swelling, and antibiotics are also prescribed to avoid infection of the wound.During therapy, HPV should completely stop sex life until a complete healing and an examination and, if necessary, treatment.

Treatment at home and folk remedies

In addition to traditional treatment methods, I use others that are officially recognized as medicine and can be carried out at home:

Processing of warts with salicylic acid.Warts should be treated with an acid solution (15-20%) every day.This method has a disadvantage - the processing should be carried out for a long time;
Cream processing.They are lubricated with warts three times a week.When used, however, it is possible to feel itching, erosion, reddening of the skin.
Retinoid in the form of a cream.You process warts for 12 weeks.Its use is also prohibited during pregnancy;
Injection in the focus of the infection once every 7 days, within three to four weeks. The use is prohibited during pregnancy;
Cauterizing warts, papillomas and destroy pathogenic microbes.The wart should be processed constantly within an hour.Then a break is taken for a week and the processing takes place.If papilloma does not disappear, a different processing is off after 14 days and therefore no more than 4 procedures.It is forbidden to use in senile warts and in pediatrics.

When we talk about the treatment of purely folk remedies, the use of Celandine is very popular.His juice is treated with a wart several times a day.When it darkens, the dark skin is removed and smeared until the warts are completely removed.

Prevention of the disease

The main measurements of prevention are taken into account:

Compliance with personal hygiene in public locations;
Compliance with a healthy lifestyle that maintains immunity;
A constant sexual partner in sexual intercourse with an undefined partner - use a condom;
adequate absorption of vitamins;
The sex life does not lead earlier than 18 when the cervix mucosa has already mature and can protect itself;
Avoid artificial termination of pregnancy and rough sex;
Treat inflammatory diseases over time.

During vaccination, some side effects in the form of deterioration, fever, reddening of the skin can be observed in the introduction of the vaccine.